The Urgency of Philosophy of Science in the Development of Islamic Thought Paradigms in the Modern Era

Abstract

Philosophy of science has a strategic role in building a paradigm of Islamic 
religious thought that is based on monotheism, critical, and relevant to the 
challenges of the modern era. In the midst of the development of science, the 
advancement of digital technology, and the strengthening of globalization and 
multiculturalism, Islamic Thought is required not only to transmit religious 
doctrines but also to foster students' scientific thinking skills, morality, and 
social sensitivity. This research aims to analyze the urgency of philosophy of 
science in the development of the Islamic Thought paradigm in the modern era, 
especially related to the epistemological, ontological, and axiological 
foundations of Islamic thought. The research uses a qualitative approach with 
a literature study method. Data were collected through a search of relevant 
literature, then analyzed using content analysis and thematic analysis to 
identify key themes about the philosophy of science and its implications for 
Islamic Thought. The results of the study show that philosophy of science 
provides a framework to organize the scientific way of thinking in Islamic 
Thought so that it is more argumentative and rational without relinquishing the 
basis of monotheism, reaffirming the purpose of Islamic thought as a complete 
process of humanization (ta'dib), covering intellectual, moral, spiritual, and 
social dimensions, and directing the development of Islamic Thought to be 
responsive to global changes through the integration of Islamic values with 
digital literacy: multicultural attitude and civic responsibility. Thus, the 
internalization of the philosophy of science in the development of the Islamic 
Thought paradigm is urgent so that Islamic Thought can produce human beings 
with character, critical thinking, and adaptability to the dynamics of the times.